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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 46(5): 641-644, Sept-Oct/2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-691433

ABSTRACT

Introduction Portuguese man-of-war, Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1758), are cnidarians capable of discharging intracellular organelles filled with venom, resulting in severe envenomation in humans. Methods We report the clinical and therapeutic aspects of 331 accidents involving Portuguese man-of-war in an outbreak on the coast of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Results The clinical manifestations of envenomation were rare and mild and mostly local, systemic reactions; there was a low rate of late complications. Conclusions The consequences of envenomation were of moderate severity, and first aid measures were effective in controlling the pain. Outbreaks of accidents involving Portuguese man-of-war occur periodically in the area without a clear explanation. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Cnidarian Venoms/poisoning , Disease Outbreaks , Hydrozoa , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/epidemiology , Bites and Stings/etiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/etiology
2.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 11(4): 445-454, Oct.-Dec. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-651623

ABSTRACT

Usando como base a Lista dos Cnidaria registrados na costa Brasileira de 1999, os novos registros adicionados no SinBiota/OBIS e examinando as publicações conhecidas no período 2000-2010 temos: 91 novos registros de táxons já conhecidos; 55 novas ocorrências em São Paulo. É sugerido que a falta de especialistas em Anthozoa nos últimos anos em São Paulo deve ter diminuído o conhecimento taxonômico no grupo.


Using as baseline Lista dos Cnidaria registrados na costa Brasileira of 1999, the new records visible in SinBiota/OBIS and extracting information out of the publications for 2000-2010 we have: 91 new records of already known taxa; 55 new records for São Paulo. It is suggested that the lack of Anthozoa taxonomists over the last years in São Paulo may explain the significant decrease of new findings in the group.

3.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 52(1): 47-50, Jan.-Feb. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-540317

ABSTRACT

This work attempts to establish dermatological identification patterns for Brazilian cnidarian species and a probable correlation with envenoming severity. In an observational prospective study, one hundred and twenty-eight patients from the North Coast region of São Paulo State, Brazil were seen between 2002 and 2008. About 80 percent of these showed only local effects (erythema, edema, and pain) with small, less than 20 cm, oval or round skin marks and impressions from small tentacles. Approximately 20 percent of the victims had long, more than 20 cm, linear and crossed marks with frequent systemic phenomena, such as malaise, vomiting, dyspnea, and tachycardia. The former is compatible with the common hydromedusa from Southeast and Southern Brazil (Olindias sambaquiensis). The long linear marks with intense pain and systemic phenomena are compatible with envenoming by the box jellyfish Tamoya haplonema and Chiropsalmus quadrumanus and the hydrozoan Portuguese man-of-war (Physalis physalis). There was an association between skin marks and probable accident etiology. This simple observation rule can be indicative of severity, as the Cubozoa Class (box jellyfish) and Portuguese man-of-war cause the most severe accidents. In such cases, medical attention, including intensive care, is important, as the systemic manifestations can be associated with death.


Cnidários são animais que apresentam no corpo (especialmente nos tentáculos) organelas de defesa chamadas nematocistos, podendo causar graves envenenamentos. Este trabalho procura estabelecer padrões clínicos auxiliares na identificação das espécies de cnidários brasileiros e pesquisar provável correlação das lesões na pele com a gravidade do acidente. Cento e vinte e oito pacientes foram observados no Pronto-Socorro de Ubatuba (Litoral Norte do estado de São Paulo) em período de seis anos (2002-2008). Cerca de 80 por cento dos acidentes mostraram apenas manifestações locais (dor, eritema e edema). Nestes casos, as marcas cutâneas foram pequenas, ovais e arredondadas, algumas vezes com impressões de pequenos tentáculos. As marcas foram menores que 20 cm. Aproximadamente 20 por cento das vítimas tinham lesões longas, lineares e cruzadas, maiores que 20 cm com frequente observação de fenômenos sistêmicos, como mal estar, vômitos, dispnéia e taquicardia. O padrão das marcas arredondadas e curtas é compatível com hidromedusa muito comum nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil (Olindia sambaquiensis), que causa acidentes de pequena magnitude. As marcas longas e lineares, associadas à dor intensa e fenômenos sistêmicos, são compatíveis com envenenamento pelas cubomedusas Tamoya haplonema e Chiropsalmus quadrumanus e o hidrozoário Physalis physalis, a caravela. Houve associação entre as marcas cutâneas e a provável etiologia do acidente. Esta regra simples de observação clínica pode ter valor clínico, uma vez que a Classe Cubozoa (vespas-do-mar) e as caravelas causam os acidentes mais graves. Nestes casos, a atenção médica deve ser redobrada, incluindo cuidados intensivos, uma vez que fenômenos sistêmicos podem se associar a óbitos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Bites and Stings/etiology , Cnidarian Venoms/poisoning , Hydrozoa , Scyphozoa , Skin Diseases/etiology , Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Bites and Stings/therapy , Brazil/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Skin Diseases/epidemiology , Skin Diseases/therapy
4.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 51(3): 169-175, May-June 2009. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-517102

ABSTRACT

Seabather's eruption (SBE) is an intensely itchy, papule-erythematous dermatitis that occurs predominantly in regions of the body covered by bathing costumes, after exposure to marine water. The planulae larvae of Linuche unguiculata scyphomedusae (thimble jellyfish) are the etiologic agent of the dermatitis, which is frequent in waters of Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and Florida. The authors report 38 cases of SBE in the State of Santa Catarina (Southern region of Brazil), with emphasis on their clinical and epidemiological aspects, such as profile of victim, topography of the papules and conditions predisposing to the accident.


Os Cnidários são animais marinhos que estão relacionados com uma variedade de acidentes acometendo banhistas em regiões litorâneas. A larva plânula da cifomedusa Linuche unguiculata (uma pequena água-viva) é o agente etiológico de uma dermatite pápulo-eritematosa, intensamente pruriginosa, denominada Prurido do Traje de Banho. Acomete principalmente áreas do corpo cobertas pelo traje de banho, após exposição à água do mar. Sua presença é freqûente nas águas do Caribe, Golfo do México e da Flórida (Estados Unidos), local onde foi descrita pela primeira vez. Os autores relatam uma série de casos de Prurido do Traje de Banho ocorridos no Estado de Santa Catarina (região do sul do Brasil), com ênfase em seus aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dermatitis/etiology , Pruritus/etiology , Scyphozoa , Seawater/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Dermatitis/diagnosis , Dermatitis/epidemiology , Pruritus/diagnosis , Pruritus/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Seasons , Young Adult
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 40(1): 78-81, jan.-fev. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-449176

ABSTRACT

O prurido do traje de banho ou seabathers eruption é uma dermatite intensamente pruriginosa que ocorre pelo contato com larvas plânulas do cnidário cifozoário Linuche unguiculata, especialmente sob os trajes de banhistas. As larvas disparam seus nematocistos a partir de cnidócitos ou células urticantes de defesa na pele da vítima, causando uma típica erupção pápulo-eritemato-pruriginosa. Os primeiros cinco casos descritos no Brasil foram publicados em 2001, no litoral Sudeste (Ubatuba, SP), obtendo-se associação com larvas de Linuche unguiculata, uma vez que a ocorrência e o ciclo de vida do cnidário já haviam sido estudados no Canal de São Sebastião, SP. Os autores relatam os seis casos na região Sul do Brasil (Estado de Santa Catarina), enfatizando os aspectos clínicos e a pesquisa para identificação do agente na água do mar local.


Seabathers eruption is an intensely pruriginous form of dermatitis that occurs after contact with the planula larvae of the cnidarian scyphozoan Linuche unguiculata, especially under the bathers clothes. They discharge their poisonous nematocysts from the cnidocytes, causing a typical eruption presenting papules, erythema and intense itching. The first five cases described in Brazil were published in 2001 and occurred on the southeastern coast (Ubatuba, State of São Paulo). Those cases were linked to larvae of Linuche unguiculata, because the occurrence and life cycle of this cnidarian had been studied in the São Sebastião Channel, State of São Paulo. The present authors report the six cases observed in southern Brazil (State of Santa Catarina), with a description of the typical clinical aspects and an investigation linking the cases to Linuche unguiculata in the local seawater.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Bathing Beaches , Pruritus/parasitology , Scyphozoa , Seawater/parasitology , Brazil , Pruritus/diagnosis , Pruritus/drug therapy
6.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 43(3): 171-172, May-June 2001. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-298910

ABSTRACT

The authors report five cases of seabather's eruption, a typical dermatitis associated predominantly to the jellyfish Linuche unguiculata (Cnidaria), that causes erythematous and pruriginous papules on areas of the skin of bathers covered by swimsuits. The rash is characteristic and the eruption is commom in the Caribbean, Florida, Mexico and Gulf States of USA. The cases are the first reported in Brazil and larvae of the jellyfish are present in the waters where the accidents happened


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Dermatitis/etiology , Pruritus/etiology , Scyphozoa , Brazil , Swimming
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